Joint for concrete pipes.



A. M. HIBSH.

MINT FOR CONCRETE PiPES. APPLICATlON man AUGJI, l 9l6.

1381 6? Patented July 3, 1917.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 3, 191W.

Application filed August 11, 191s. Serial No. 11%,348.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I Arman M. Hrnsn, a. citizen of the "United States, residing at Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Joints for Concrete Pipes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

" One of the most diiiicult engineering problems encountered in the construction of con crete pipes designed to sustain the pressure of a head of water is to devise a form of joint which will compensate for the inevitable cracking between pipe sections due to expansion and contraction,- and which'at the sometime will remain perfectly water-tight.

' kind of joint be used, or how carefully it be madeythe cracks which must occur between It has been found that no matter what two sections of pipe, due to changes of ternperuture in the surrounding medium or in the body of wnter flowin through the pipe,

7 permit the escape as lea, age of a prohibitively large amount of water, although the cracks themselves may be too small to he visible to the naked eye. V

l have devised and employed with complete success, a form of joint for such pipes which is absolutely watertight, such joint involving in one of its specific forms 3. cylinder of metal uniting two adjacent pipe sections with n crimp or fold therein which lies along the face or faces of the ends of the sections, and this cylinder is covered or embedded in cement. partly or wholly ap plied to complete the joint. In this case the capability of the metal itself for longitudinal expansion and contraction enables it to adjust itself to any slight variations in the spacing of adjacent pipe sections, f and as a good union is always preserved between it and the cement, no water can pass iteven' V if crecksdo occur at the joint.

materiel, adherent tob oth the pipe section I have now devised another form of joint in which the water-tight properties are mainteined by means of a cylinder of sheet metal, but in lieu of making the cylinder capable of longitudinally expanding or contracting, I use a. substantially non expensilole cylinder, but unite it to at least one pipe section by a slightly elastic body or mass of} and the cylinder, and which, in case ofe crack occurring at the oint, will permit of time of the joint l prefer to pipe which I manufacture purposes, and which has a bell end with exterior flanges somewhat longer than the spigot so that an interior recess is formed between two abutting pi e sections which is filled with cement after t e pipe is laid. In the spigot end of ouch section of this pipe I form a circular groove or relatively narrow recess, preferably having a metal lining which extends out beyond the end of the pipe. When laying the pipe I fill-this recess with a plastic material such as'warm asphalt and force the end of a sheet metal cylinder down into the asphalt. The other end of the cylinder, rugated, will therefore extend out into the interior recess or space between pipe sections, and when this is filled up with cemerit, the latter is firmly united to the bellend of the pipe and to the projecting metal cylinder.

When creeks occur in this joint they inwhich may be eorvariably form along the spigot end or close to it, but by the use of the metal cylinder embedded in the slightly elasticmass oi asphelt the absolutely water-tight character of the joint is maintained in spite of any cracks that may occur.

The modifications ofethis plan which still retain this principle of construction and 0E- eretion will be understood from the speci 0 description and illustrations which follow.

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a Well known form of pipe with my present invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the improved joint showing the construction more in detail.

Fig. v3 is another sectional view of a diffei'ent form of modification.

Figs is a sectional view of a further inedification embodying the invention.

As e general illustration of the nature of the improvement, its application to the form of pipe shown in Figs. 1 and 2 may be considered first. In these figures A and B represent, respectively, the spigot and hell ends of the pipe, the spigot being somewhat shorter than the'bell to form an interior groove or recess at the joint, which, after the pipe sections are laid, is filled in with a mass of cement C. In using this particular form of pipe for purposes of illustration it will be understood that there is no intention of confining the improvement thereto. In forming the spigot end a circular metal form D substantially V-shaped in cross section is let into the mold and the concrete packed around it, the open end of the metal part being allowed to project slightly beyond the end of the spigot. The metal form, it may be stated, can be withdrawn or dispensed with, if so desired, and a simple groove or recess formed in the concrete, but I prefer to retain it. On the completion of a section the metal groove or form is filled with plastic asphalt E, or any similar composition which has the property of adhering i to a metal surface. and which will always exhibit a slight degree of elasticity, and into this body of elastic material the end of a cylinder of sheet metal G, preferably copper, is forced.

When two pipe sections are joined, the outer end of this cylinder projectsinto the groove or space between the sections, and this end may be corrugated and by preference is formed in this way. When the groove or recess is filled with grout or cement G the pipe sections are firmly united and the end of the copper cylinder G embed-- ded in the cement.

To further insure a good joint a shallow recess H is formed at the ends of the sections and the cement filler G is covered by a fillinw K applied in this recess by a trowel, and composed of a mixture of very finely sifted 45 neat cement and water. I also prefer to paint the ends of the spigot section and the exterior surface of the metal form D with asphalt, which is represented by the characn ter 5.

When cracks occur in such pipe joints they invariably lie along or close to the spigot end, but the presence of the copper cylinder embedded in the cement at one end and the asphalt at the other, effectually prevents any leakage, while the elasticity of the asphalt compensates for any cracks that may occur without stripping the adherent material from the copper. H

As a modification of this form of joint, the corrugated end of the copper cylinder may be embedded in the bell end of a section and the other end forced into the groove (if asphalt in the spigot; as shown in Fig. 3. In such case the recess or space between the flange of the bell and the copper cylinder of the metal form, when used, must be flush with the face of the section in which it is embedded.

I am aware that it has been proposed to form pipe joints with metal cylinders, the

ends of which are embedded in masses of ce-.

ment introduced into suitable recesses in adj acent pipe sections, but in no previous case has it apparently been recognized that expansion and contraction varies, even slightly the distance between pipe sections by the presence of cracks, andthat no form of joint is efiective to prevent leakage under pressure, unless adequate provision is made fbr compensation for such variation.

What I therefore claim is:

1. A water tight joint for concrete pressure pipes composed of cement and having a metal cylinder passing into or through the same, amass of elastic sealing material such as asphalt uniting said cylinder to one.

pipe section, said section-having an annular groove therein containing the said mass, which is adapted to "compensate for cracks which may occur in the cement of the main oint. a

2. A water tight joint'for concrete pressure pipes composed of cement and having a sheet metal cylinder embedded in the same, a mass of adhesive elastic sealing material such as asphalt into which one end of the cylinder extends, and an annular groove or recess in the end of one of the abutting pipe sections in which such mass of sealing material is contained.

3. A watertight concrete pressure pipe, comprising sections with bell and spigot ends formed to leave a recess or groove between abutting sections when laid}v grooves filled with an elastic adhesive i-rnaterial formed in the spigot end, and sheet metal cylinders forced into the elastic material at one end and embedded in a cement filler for the joint recess at the other. I

l. A water-tight joint for concrete pressure pipes, comprising a circular recess in the end of one abutting section, a-filling of adhesive elastic material forjhe same and a. sheet metal cylinder embedded in the elastic material and united to the concrete of the other sectionby a cement joint.

A water-tight joint for concrete pressure pipes, comprising a circular recess in the end of one abuttmg section, a metal lining therefor and a filling for the lining of section, a metal lining,- therefor; the ends of an adhesive elastic. material, a metal cylinder which extend beyond the face or end of the m dded in. the, filler of elastic material and pipe section, a filling of elastic material such united y a cement or concrete joint to the as asphalt for the lining, and a metal cylinother section. tler embedded at one end in such filling and 15 6. A water-tight joint foriconcrete ros at the other in the cement filling for the sure pipes, formed between abutting pipe joint. sections having bell and spigot ends of un- In test equal length so as to form a; recess around i 10 the joint, a circular groove in the end of one ALLANM. HIRSH.

imony whereof I affix my signature. 

